تبليغاتX
زبان انگلیسی : اصول یادگیری تدریس ترجمه
زبان انگلیسی : اصول یادگیری تدریس ترجمه
ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING ,TEACHING AND TRANSLATION

A
abandon : relinquish, leave, desert, quit, forsake
abate  : reduce, let up, decrease, diminish, lessen
abbreviate : shorten, curtail, brief, truncate, abridge
abhor  : hate, detest, loathe
abide  : remain, sojourn, reside, inhabit
abject  : humiliating, contemptible, base, mean
abolish : annul, nullify, revoke
abound : teem, swarm
abreast  : alongside
abrupt  : sudden, hasty
absent-minded: oblivious, inattentive
absolute : complete, perfect
absorb  : swallow, engulf
abstract : theoretical, unpracticed
absurd  : ridiculous, foolish, stupid
abundance : plenty, profusion
abuse  : misuse, maltreat, ill-use, reproach, slander
accelerate* : hurry, speed, hasten, quicken, speed up, expedite
accept  : admit, approve, acknowledge
access  : approach
accidental : casual, contingent
accommodate : suit, fit, adapt, hold, contain
accompany : escort, convoy
accomplish : fulfill, complete, achieve, execute
accord  : agree, assent, concur
account : explanation, exposition
accurate : correct, precise
accuse  : indict, charge, impeach, blame
accustomed : customary, habitual, wont
achieve : accomplish, effect, perform
acid  : sour, biting
acknowledge : admit, confess, own
acquaintance : associate, companion
acquire : gain, win, earn, secure
actual  : tangible, definite, genuine
acute  : pointed, sharp, intense, poignant, severe, fierce, violent, keen, shrewd
adapt  : suit, adjust, fit
address : 1. residence, abode
   2. speech, lecture, discourse
adequate : sufficient, suitable
adhere  : stick, cleave, cling
adjourn : suspend, postpone, defer, delay
adjust  : fit, adapt, suit
administer : manage, conduct, execute, direct, supervise
admirable : praiseworthy, fine, excellent
admire  : esteem, revere
admit  : acknowledge, own, confess, receive
adore  : worship, esteem, revere
adorn*  : decorate, beautify, ornament
advance : improve, progress, propose, offer
advantage : benefit, profit, behalf
adversary : antagonist, opponent, enemy, foe
adversity : calamity, catastrophe, disaster, misfortune
advocate : support, argue for, speak for
affect  : 1. influence, impress, touch, stir
   2. pretend, feign, assume
affectation : airs, pretense
affection : attachment, amity, love
affluent : rich, opulent, abundant
affront  : offend, insult, abuse
aggregate : assemble, collect, accumulate, gather
aggressive : offensive, assaulting, militant
agile  : quick, light, nimble
agree  : assent, consent, accede, concede, comply
ailing  : sick, ill, unwell
aim  : direct, point
alarm  : fright, terror, panic, dismay
alert  : attentive, vigilant, watchful, wary, heedful
alien  : strange, foreign
allege  : declare, affirm, assert
alleviate : ease, lessen, abate
alliance : association, partnership, affiliation, union
allot  : divide, distribute, assign, allocate
allow  : permit, grant
ally  : align, confederate, join, combine, affiliate, conjoin
alter  : modify, change, vary
alternate : interchange, occur successively
alternative : choice, option
altitude : height, elevation
amass* : collect, gather, accumulate
amaze  : astound, surprise, astonish
ambiguous : unclear, vague
amiable : kind, friendly, amicable
ample  : large, spacious, vast, great
amplify : enlarge, expand, magnify
amuse  : entertain, please, cheer
ancestor : forefather ; (Ant) descendant
anchor  : fix, secure, fasten
ancient : old, aged, antique, antiquate
anger  : resentment, wrath, fury, indignation, rage
angry  : indignant, resentful, irate
anguish : pain, pang, suffering, agony
annihilate* : remove, clear, abolish, liquidate, erase, exterminate, obliterate, eradicate
announce : proclaim, publish, declare
annoy  : harass, bother, worry, trouble
anonymous* : unnamed, unsigned
antagonist : opponent, adversary
antagonize* : counteract
anticipate : foresee, forecast
antipathy : dislike, disgust, hatred ; (Ant) sympathy
apathetic : indifferent, unconcerned, uninterested
apex  : tip, summit, zenith, acme, climax
appall  : frighten, horrify, terrify, shock
apparel : clothes, dress, garb, attire, costume
apparent : plain, clear, evident, obvious, conspicuous, manifest
appeal  : entreaty, request, petition
appease : pacify, quiet, soothe, calm, tranquilize
appendix : supplement, adjunct
applause : acclamation, acclaim
appliance : instrument, apparatus, device, tool
apply  : use, employ, utilize
appoint : nominate, name, designate
apportion : divide, allot, assign, allocate
appreciate : value, estimate
apprehension : anxiety, misgiving
appropriate : suitable, proper, assign, apportion, allocate
apt  : 1. inclined, disposed, prone, liable, likely
   2. proper, appropriate, correct
aptly*  : appropriately
aptitude : aptness, fitness, suitability
archaic : ancient, antiquated, antique
ardent  : passionate, fervent, intense, eager, enthusiastic
ardor  : eagerness, zeal, passion, enthusiasm
argue  : debate, discuss, dispute
arouse  : animate, awaken, excite, incite, stimulate
arrange : order, array
arrogant : haughty, insolent, overbearing
arrest  : seize, apprehend, capture
ascend  : mount, soar, arise
ascertain : determine, settle, discover
aspect  : appearance, look, countenance
aspire  : desire, long, yearn
assail  : assault, attack
assassinate : murder, kill, slay
assemble : gather, congregate, collect, convene
assembly : congress, legislature, parliament, diet
assent  : accede, consent
assess* : estimate, calculate, evaluate, appraise
assign  : distribute, allot
associate : join, affiliate, unite, combine
assort  : separate, classify, group, sort, categorize
assume : 1. undertake  2. pretend, affect
assure  : convince
astonish : amaze, surprise, astound, shock, startle, daze, stun
attach  : fasten, affix, join, annex
attachment : affection
attain  : 1. reach
   2. acquire, procure, win
attempt : try, seek
attend  : wait on, serve
attentive : heedful, alert, watchful, careful
attire*  : clothing
attitude : position, bearing, pose
attract  : draw, allure, charm
authority : power
authorize : empower, allow, permit, let
auxiliary : subsidiary, subordinate, additional
available : usable
avenge  : revenge
average : mean, median
avid  : greedy, avaricious, desirous, acquisitive, covetous
avoid  : shun, evade, escape, elude
aware  : conscious
awe  : wonder, amazement
awkward : clumsy, unskillful B
ban  : forbid, inhibit, prohibit, enjoin, outlaw, proscribe, disallow, interdict
banish  : expel, exile, deport
bar  : hinder, obstruct, deter, stop, impede
barbarian : savage, primitive, barbaric, barbarous
bare  : naked, nude, exposed
bargain  : contract, trade, sell
barren  : sterile, infertile, unproductive
barrier  : bar, obstruction, barricade, obstacle
barter  : trade, exchange
base  : mean, degraded
beam  : shine, gleam, glitter, radiate
bear  : carry, transport, convey
bearing : manner, behavior, conduct
becoming : attractive, comely, suitable, appropriate
beg  : entreat, crave, implore, beseech, petition, request
behave  : conduct
bend  : curve, crook, bow
beneficial : helpful, profitable, advantageous
benevolent : kind, humane, tender, generous
betray  : be unfaithful to, be a traitor to
bewilder : confuse, perplex, puzzle
bias*  : prejudice
bid  : command, order, direct
bind  : band, bond, tie, fasten
bite  : gnaw, chew
bitter  : harsh, acrid, biting
blame  : reproach, censure, condemn, disapprove
blast  : explosion, outburst, burst
blaze  : flame
blemish : stain, defect, speck
blend  : mingle, mix
blind  : sightless
blink  : wink, twinkle
block  : obstacle, blocking, blockade
bloody  : cruel, ruthless
blow  : shock, calamity, disaster
blunt  : dull ; (Ant) sharp
boast  : brag, swagger
bold  : courageous, daring, valiant
bond  : union
bondage : slavery, confinement
boom*  : flourish, thrive, prosper
bore  : weary, tire
bother  : annoy, worry, trouble, harass, disturb
bound  : boundary, border, limit, precinct
boundary : edge
bow  : stoop, bend, yield, submit
brain  : intellect
brave  : courageous, gallant, dauntless, bold
bravery : boldness, courage, daring
break  : shatter, batter, destroy
breed  : create, generate, raise, rear, nurture
brief  : short, transitory, transient, temporary
bright  : radiant, glowing, beaming, brilliant
brisk  : active, lively, energetic
broad  : wide, extensive, vast, spacious
brood  : dwell on, ponder, meditate
brook  : stream
brutal  : savage, cruel, inhuman, ruthless, barbarous
brute  : beast, animal
burden  : load
burst  : explode, blow up
bury  : entomb, hide C
calamity  : tragedy, disaster, catastrophe, cataclysm
calculate : count, figure, reckon, compute
cancel  : annul, revoke
candid  : frank, open, outspoken
capacious : spacious, roomy
capacity : 1. magnitude, dimensions  2. ability
capital  : principal, chief, prime, primary, major, leading
captivate : charm, enthrall, enchant, fascinate
captivity : bondage, confinement
capture : seize, catch, snare
careful  : cautious, watchful, vigilant, discreet, prudent
careless : heedless, reckless, indiscreet
cargo  : freight, load, burden
carriage : vehicle, conveyance
carry  : convey, transport, transfer
cast  : throw, fling, hurl, pitch
casual  : unexpected
catastrophe : disaster, mishap, calamity, misfortune
cease  : stop, terminate
celebrate : observe, commemorate
celebrated : famous, renowned, well-known, distinguished
celebrity : a famous person, hero, notable
celestial* : heavenly
change  : alter, turn, transform, vary
character : feature, trait, characteristic
charge  : load
charitable : generous, benign, kind
cheat  : deceive, defraud, trick, delude
check  : study, examination, inspection, stop
cheer  : inspirit, animate, encourage
cheerful : gay, joyful, buoyant, jolly
cherish : treasure
chill  : cold, coldness
chop  : cut, mince
chronic : habitual, confirmed
civil  : polite, courteous, civilized
claim  : demand, request, requirement
clash  : collide
clasp  : grasp, grip, clutch
clean  : unstained, clear, pure
cleanse : clean, purify
clear  : distinct, evident, plain, obvious, apparent, manifest
clever  : smart, intelligent, ingenious
climb  : mount, ascend, scale
clumsy : awkward
coarse  : crude, rude, rough
coax  : cajole, persuade
cohere  : stick, cling, adhere, bond, cleave
cohesion* : bond, adhesion
collect  : assemble, amass, accumulate, aggregate
column : pillar
combat : struggle, fight, battle
combination : conjunction, association, union
combine : unite, join, associate, incorporate
comfort : soothe, console, solace
command : order, bid, instruct
commence : begin, start, originate
commend : entrust, laud, praise, exalt, applaud
communicate : transmit, convey
compact : tightly, packed
companion : associate, partner, fellow, mate
company : companionship, society
comparable : similar, equivalent, like, uniform,  analogous, alike
compassion : pity, sympathy, mercy
compel : force, impel
compensate : atone
compete : contend, vie, rival
competent : qualified, capable, proficient
complain : grumble
complex : compound, complicated
comply : acquiesce, conform, consent, accede
component* : element, ingredient
composed : calm, tranquil
comprehend : understand, grasp, discern, perceive
comprehensive : inclusive, broad, extensive, sweeping
compress : condense, squeeze
compulsory : compelled, binding
conceal : hide, bury
conceit : vanity, complacency ; (Ant) humility, modesty
conceive : understand, apprehend, comprehend
concentrate : focus, intensify
conciseness : brevity
condemn : blame, censure
condense : compress, concentrate
condition : state, situation, circumstance
conduct : behavior, demeanor, manner, bearing
confer  : bestow, give, donate, grant
conference : meeting, convention
confess : acknowledge, avow, own, admit, concede
confidence : trust, belief, faith, reliance
confident : certain, convinced
confine : enclose, imprison
confirm : assure
conflict : collide, clash, contend, fight, combat
conform : comply, yield, agree, assent
confuse : disturb, confound, perplex, bewilder
congress : meeting, assembly, conference
conquer : defeat, master, beat ; (Ant) surrender, submit
conscientious : just, upright, honest
conscious : aware
consequence : effect, result, outcome
consider : contemplate, meditate, reflect, ponder
considerate : thoughtful, charitable
consistent : compatible, harmonious
console : comfort, solace, soothe
consort* : associate, fraternize, agree
conspicuous* : prominent, manifest, plain, apparent
constant : invariable, uniform, stable, unchanging
constrain : compel, coerce
constrict : compress, contract
consult : confer
consume : expend, exhaust
contagious : communicable, infectious
contain : hold, accommodate, include
contaminate : pollute, stain, corrupt
contemplate : consider, reflect, ponder, meditate
contemporary : coexisting
contempt : scorn, disdain
contemptible : mean, abject, base
contemptuous : scornful, sneering
contend : struggle, strive, fight, battle, combat, compete
content : satisfied, contented
contest  : struggle, conflict, battle, combat, fight
continual : incessant, ceaseless
contract : compact, bargain
contradictory : opposing, paradoxical, inconsistent, contrary
contrast : comparison
contrive : devise, invent, design
control  : dominate, govern, rule, reign
controversy : dispute, debate
convenient : handy
converse : opposite, reverse
convert : change, transform
convey : carry, transport, transmit
convince : persuade
core*  : center, heart
corpse  : body
correct  : amend, remedy, cure
correspond : conform, accord, match
corrupt : rotten, spoiled
count  : matter, weigh, signify
courteous : civil, polite, well-mannered
cowardly : craven, afraid, timid
crack  : break, snap, split
craft  : skill, ingenuity
crash  : shatter, smash
crazy  : insane, lunatic, mad
credit  : belief, trust, confidence, faith, reliance
creditable : reputable, honorable
credulous : gullible
crime  : offense, sin, felony
criminal : convict, sinner, culprit, offender
cripple  : disable, maim, ruin
crisis  : emergency
critic  : reviewer, judge
critical  : crucial, momentous, important, dangerous, perilous, hazardous
crop  : harvest, produce, yield
crowd  : throng, multitude, swarm, herd
crucial* : 1. decisive, conclusive, determinative, deciding.
   2. critical, desperate, acute
crude  : unrefined, raw
cruel  : barbarous, ferocious
crush  : shatter, smash, crumble
cumbersome* : awkward, bulky, clumsy, inconvenient
cunning : tricky, sly
cure  : remedy
curious : inquisitive, interested
current  : prevailing, prevalent, common, popular
curse  : damn, imprecate, anathematize, scourge
custody : imprisonment, confinement
customary* : habitual, accustomed, conventional
cut  : divide, sever, chop
cynical : sarcastic, satirical, sneering D
damage : injury, harm, hurt, impairment
damp  : moist, humid, wet
danger  : hazard, risk, peril, jeopardy
dare  : venture, risk, challenge, defy
daring  : courageous, bold, brave, audacious, dauntless, valiant, gallant
dash  : rush, dart, bolt
dawn  : daybreak
dead  : deceased, extinct, inanimate
deadly  : fatal, lethal, mortal
debate  : discussion, argument, controversy, dispute
decadence : deterioration, decline
decay  : deteriorate, decline
deceit  : fraud, deception, cheating
deceive : delude, cheat
decent  : right, proper, nice, pure, modest
decided : resolute, determined, final
declare : announce, proclaim
decline : 1. refuse, reject
   2. weaken, deteriorate, degenerate, decay
decrease : diminish, lessen, dwindle, abate
defeat  : conquer, overwhelm, subdue
defect  : blemish, flaw, fault, shortcoming, weakness
defend  : guard, shield, shelter, protect
definite : fixed, clear, express
defy  : challenge
dejected : depressed, discouraged
deliberate : careful, thoughtful, cautious
delicate : dainty, graceful, elegant
delicacy : dainty, savory
deliver  : rescue, save
deny  : gainsay, contradict
depart  : start, leave, quit
depict  : represent, portray
deplore : grieve, regret, lament, mourn
deposit : save, store, entrust
depressed* : downcast, melancholy, gloomy
deprive : bereave, strip
descent : falling, descending ; (Ant) ascent
desert  : abandon, forsake
design  : plan, devise, project, contrive
desolate : barren, ravaged
despair : discouragement, disheartenment
desperate : hopeless, desolate, extreme, excessive
destiny : fate, doom
destitute : poor, devoid
destroy : smash, demolish
detain  : confine, arrest, keep
detect* : spot, discern, discover
deviate : diverge, wander, stray
device  : plan, scheme, project, design
devise  : contrive, invent, design
devout  : pious, devoted, saintly
dictate* : fix, impose, prescribe, ordain, decree
die  : decease, perish, vanish
diffuse* : spread, distribute, scatter, disperse
digest  : absorb, imbibe, assimilate
dilemma : predicament, strait
dim  : obscure, faint
diminish : lessen, reduce, decrease, shrink, abate
dirty  : foul, unclean, filthy
disadvantage : harm, damage, injury
disappear : vanish, fade
disappoint : frustrate, baffle
disaster : calamity, mishap, catastrophe, adversity
discern : perceive, notice, discriminate, distinguish
discernible* : noticeable, detectable, observable, perceptible, perceivable
disciple : pupil, student, scholar
discipline : training, drill, exercise, practice
disclose : reveal, divulge, unveil
disconcert : disturb, bewilder, perplex, embarrass
discourage : dishearten, dispirit, depress
discreet : judicious, prudent, cautious, heedful, considerate
disdain : condemn, despise, scorn
disgrace : shame, dishonor
disgust  : sicken, nauseate
disgusting : offensive, sickening, nauseous, nauseating
dishonorable : disgraceful, shameful
disinterested : unbiased, impartial, fair
disloyal : unfaithful
dismiss : discharge, fire, refuse, reject, decline
disorder : mess, confusion, chaos
disperse : scatter, dissipate, diffuse
displace : replace, remove
dispute : argue, debate
disregard : ignore, neglect, overlook
dissent  : differ, disagree
dissolve : melt
distinct : definite, clear, plain
distinction : difference
distinguish : discriminate, differentiate
distinguished : marked, noted, eminent, famous, celebrated, renowned
distress : pain, anxiety, agony, anguish
distribute : deal, allot, apportion, assign, dispense
disturbance : agitation, disorder, confusion, uproar
diverse : various, manifold
doctrine : tenet, dogma, theory, principle
domain : area, field, territory, province, realm, arena
dominant : ruling, prevailing, prevalent
donation : gift, contribution, offering
doom  : fate, destiny, lot, ruin, death
draw  : drag, pull, tug, attract
dread  : fear, awe
dreary  : gloomy, disma
drive  : impel, compel, force
dubious : doubtful
dull  : boring, tedious, uninteresting, blunt
dumb  : mute, speechless
durable* : lasting, enduring, constant, permanent
dusky  : dim, shadowy, cloudy, obscure
duty  : obligation
dwarf  : pygmy ; (Ant) giant
dwell  : abide, reside, live, inhabit E
earn  : gain, acquire, win, obtain, secure, procure
earnest  : sincere, ardent, eager
easy  : facile, light
ebb  : subside, abate, recede, retire
economical : saving, thrifty, frugal
edge  : border, margin, boundary, verge, brink
effect  : result, consequence, outcome, accomplish, achieve
effective : efficacious, efficient, effectual
effort  : endeavor, exertion, struggle, striving
egoism : selfishness
elaborate* : detailed, intricate, complicated ; develop, expand, enlarge
elegant : tasteful, refined, polished, graceful
element : component, constituent, ingredient
elementary : primary, rudimentary, basic, fundamental
elevate  : raise, lift, exalt, heighten, increase, enhance
eliminate : remove
elude  : avoid, escape, evade, shun, dodge
embarrass : confuse, perplex
embed* : fix, fasten, root
emerge : emanate, appear
emergency : crisis
eminent : distinguished, prominent, renowned, outstanding
emit  : discharge, shed, radiate
emphatic : forcible, strong
employ** : use, engage, hire
empower : authorize, warrant, enable, permit
empty  : void, vacant, blank, unoccupied
enchant : fascinate, captivate, charm
encircle : surround, encompass, enclose
enclose* : surround, circle, beset, encompass, besiege, encircle, envelop, compass
encounter : meet face
encourage : hearten, stimulate
endeavor : effort, struggle, labor, exertion, essay
endow  : confer, bestow, give
endowment : gift, capacity, talent
endure  : sustain, bear, stand, tolerate
enemy  : foe, adversary, opponent, antagonist
enlarge : extend, augment, amplify, magnify, expand
enlighten : illumine
enliven : invigorate, animate
enormous : huge, immense, vast, mammoth, gigantic
enrage  : anger, aggravate
ensue  : follow, succeed
entangle : complicate, involve
enterprising : ambitious, adventurous, energetic
entertain : divert, amuse, please
enthusiasm : eagerness, zeal, passion
enthusiastic : ardent, zealous, eager, passionate
entitle  : empower, qualify
entity*  : thing, individual, object
envelop : surround, enclose
envy  : jealousy
equal  : equivalent, alike
equip  : furnish, provide
era*  : time, period, age, epoch
erect  : upright standing, vertical
erroneous : mistaken, incorrect, false
error  : mistake, blunder, slip
escape  : flee, evade, avoid
escort  : convoy, guard, guide
essential* : indispensable, vital, fundamental
establish : found, institute
esteem  : prize, value, respect
estimate : judge, assess, value, evaluate, appraise
eternal  : endless, everlasting, infinite, perpetual, ceaseless, permanent
evade  : escape, elude, shun
evaporate : vaporize
even  : level, flat, plane
event  : occurrence, happening, incident
eventually* : ultimately, finally, in time, in the long run
evident : plain, clear, obvious, manifest, apparent
evil  : immoral, malicious
examine : inspect, probe, investigate
exceed  : surpass, excel, outstrip
excel  : surpass, outdo, exceed
excellent : fine, eminent
exceptional : unusual, extraordinary, abnormal
excessive : extreme
exchange : barter, interchange, swap
excite  : stir, arouse, stimulate, incite
exclamation : outcry
exclude : expel
exclusive : excluding
execute : perform, achieve
exert*  : exercise, wield
exhaust : expend, consume
exhibit  : present, display, show, demonstrate
exorbitant* : extreme, excessive, undue, extravagant, immoderate, inordinate, expensive
expand : extend, swell, enlarge
expect  : anticipate, await
expel  : oust, banish, exile
expend : use, consume, spend, exhaust
expense : cost, charge, price, expenditure
expensive : costly, dear
experiment : test, trial
expert  : specialist, authority, master
explain : elucidate, explicate, clarify
explicit : clear, unambiguous, definite ; (Ant) ambiguous
exploit  : feat, accomplishment
expose** : display, betray, reveal, uncover
express : utter, state, manifest, reveal, represent
extend* : 1. go, run, range
   2. increase, grow, expand, enlarge, augment
   3. stretch, lengthen, elongate, protract
extensive : wide, broad, spacious, vast
extent  : space, scope, range, stretch
exterior : outer, outside, external
exterminate : annihilate, destroy, eradicate, eliminate
extinct  : quenched, vanished
extract  : extort, derive
extraordinary : exceptional, inordinate, remarkable, unusual
extravagant : wasteful, prodigal ; (Ant) thrifty
extreme : ultimate, excessive, unreasonable F
fable  : legend
fabricate : make, build, produce, construct, assemble, manufacture
face  : countenance, features
faculty  : ability, capacity, aptitude
fade  : wither, decline, decay
failing  : shortcoming, defect, flaw
faint  : indistinct, dim, feeble
fair  : unbiased, just, impartial, disinterested
faith  : confidence, trust, credit
faithful : true, reliable, trustworthy
false*  : erroneous, wrong
fame  : reputation, renown, eminence, celebrity
familiar : intimate, close, friendly, amicable
famous : celebrated, well-known, eminent, distinguished, illustrious
fancy  : imagination, fantasy
fascinate : charm, enchant, captivate, allure
fashion* : style, vogue, mode
   1. make, produce, shape, frame, mold, create, fabricate
   2. fit, adjust, suit, adapt, accommodate, conform
fast  : quick, swift, rapid, fleet
fasten  : fix, attach
fat  : plump, stout, obese
fatal  : deadly, mortal, lethal
fate  : doom, lot, destiny
fault  : blemish, flaw, shortcoming
favor  : kindness, good-will
fear  : apprehension, dread, terror, fright, horror, panic
feasible* : possible, workable, practicable, viable
feast  : celebration, anniversary, ceremony
feat  : achievement, accomplishment, exploit
feeble  : weak, delicate, fragile, frail, unsubstantial
feed  : nourish, sustain
fertile  : productive, fecund, fruitful
fervent  : ardent, earnest, heated, hot, burning, zealous, passionate
feud  : hostility
fidelity : loyalty, faithfulness, devotion
fierce  : ferocious, wild, savage, cruel, brutal
fiery  : fervent, burning, afire
fight  : conflict, battle, war, combat
final  : ultimate, conclusive
financial : monetary, pecuniary
fine*  : 1. delicate, elegant, exquisite
   2. subtle, refined
finish  : end, terminate, conclude
firm  : stable, steadfast, determined, reliable
fix  : fasten, attach
flame  : blaze, fire
flash  : flame, flare, glare
flat  : horizontal, level, even, plane
flexible* : plastic, adaptable, adjustable, pliable
flock  : bevy, brood, school, swarm, herd, company
flood  : deluge, overflow
flourish* : thrive, prosper, succeed
flow  : stream, run
fluent  : flowing
foe  : enemy, opponent, adversary, antagonist
fog  : mist, haze
follow  : succeed, ensue
food  : provisions
foolish  : silly, fatuous, stupid, dull
forbid  : inhibit, prohibit
force  : strength, power, might, energy
forecast : predict, foretell, foresee
foresight : forethought
formidable : dreadful, threatening, fearful, frightful
foster  : rear, breed, nourish, raise, promote
foul  : filthy, dirty, stained, polluted
foundation : base, basis, ground
fragrant : perfumed
frame  : make, produce, construct, assemble, shape, mold
frank  : candid, outspoken
fraud  : deceit, deception
free  : liberate, release, emancipate
freight  : cargo, shipment, load
fright  : dismay, terror, panic
frighten : scare, terrify, alarm, dismay
frightful : alarming, awful, horrible, gruesome
frugal  : economical, thrifty
fruitless : futile, sterile, unproductive
frustrate : disappoint, thwart
fume  : smoke
fun  : pleasure, amusement
fundamental* : basic, underlying, essential, primary
funny  : amusing, diverting
furnish  : provide, supply
fury  : rage, anger, wrath
fuse  : melt, dissolve
futile  : ineffective, useless, vain G
gaiety  : mirth, glee, cheerfulness, joviality
gain  : obtain, secure, procure, acquire, attain, earn, win
gallant  : brave, valorous, valiant, intrepid, daring
gang  : band, clique
gasp  : pant
gather  : collect, aggregate, assemble, muster
gathering : assembly, convocation, congregation
gay  : joyous, gleeful, jovial, jolly, merry, cheerful
gaze  : stare
generosity : charity, bountifulness
generous : bountiful, unselfish, charitable
genial  : sympathetic, cordial, friendly, kindly
gentle  : clement, humane, lenient, merciful, meek, amiable
ghost  : phantom, spirit
gift  : donation, present, contribution, offering, alms
gigantic : huge, enormous, tremendous, colossal, mammoth, monstrous, immense,
   prodigious, titanic, vast
give  : deliver, bestow, impart, accord, furnish, provide, supply, confer, grant, assign
glad  : delighted, pleased, elated
glance  : glimpse
gleam  : flash, beam, glimmer
glee  : exultation, merriment, hilarity
glide  : slide, slip
gloomy : obscure, shadowy, dusky, dismal, depressed, dejected, dim, melancholy,
   despondent, downcast
glory  : praise, honor, distinction, renown, eminence, celebrity, fame
godly  : pious, saintly, devout, holy
good-will : benevolence, favor, kindness
govern  : rule, reign
grace  : gracefulness, elegance, refinement
gracious : benign, courteous, polite
grand  : imposing, stately, august, majestic, dignified
grant  : bestow, confer, award
grasp  : seize, hold, clasp, grip, clutch, grab, catch
grateful : appreciative, thankful, obliged
gratify  : satisfy
grave  : momentous, important, serious, consequential
great  : immense, enormous, huge, gigantic, vast, grand
greed  : avidity, avarice, covetousness
greedy  : avaricious, desirous, covetous
greet  : accost, salute
grief  : sorrow, woe, sadness
grieve  : lament, mourn, sorrow, bewail
grind  : grate, rub
gross  : bulky, massive, great
grudge  : malice, spite, malevolence 
guarantee : insure, warrant
guard  : protect, shield, defend, shelter
guess  : conjecture, suppose, fancy
guide  : lead, conduct, show, escort
guilty  : criminal, culpable
guiltless : innocent, blameless, immaculate
gush  : spurt, spout H
habitual* : usual, regular, customary, accustomed
habituate : accustom, familiarize
halt  : stop, cease
hamper : impede, hinder, prevent, obstruct, restrain
hang  : suspend, dangle
happen : occur, befall
harbor  : accommodate, board, room, shelter, protection, cover, haven, sanctuary,
   refuge, asylum
hard  : solid, inflexible, unyielding
hardship : trial, oppression, suffering
hardy  : vigorous, sturdy, robust, stout
harm  : injury, damage, hurt, mischief, detriment
harmony : agreement, concord, unity
harsh  : rough, severe, austere
hasten  : hurry, accelerate, urge, expedite, quicken
hate  : detest, abhor, loathe
hateful  : detestable, abominable, loathsome, offensive
hatred  : aversion, hate, detestation
haughty : proud, arrogant
hazard  : danger, peril, jeopardy
heal  : cure, remedy, amend
heap  : mass, stack, pile, accumulation
heavy  : weighty, demanding, burdensome
helpful  : useful, advantageous, profitable
heritage : inheritance
heroic  : brave, courageous, dauntless, gallant
hide  : conceal, screen, veil, shroud, cover
hinder  : interrupt, check, impede, hamper, obstruct
hint  : suggestion, implication, allusion
hoarse  : husky
hoist  : raise, elevate, lift
hole  : opening, cavity, hollow, pit
homely : plain, simple, unattractive, ugly
honesty : uprightness, justice
honor  : fame, repute, reputation
hopeless : desperate, despairing, despondent
horrible : terrible, dreadful, hideous, grim, ghastly
hostile  : antagonistic
horror  : fear, dread, panic
hostility : enmity, antagonism
huge  : mammoth, vast, gigantic, colossal, immense
humane : merciful, benevolent, compassionate, charitable
humble : unassuming, meek, modest, unpretending
humid  : damp, moist
humiliate : degrade, disgrace, shame
humility : meekness, humbleness, modesty
humorous : funny, comical
hunt  : seek, scour
hurt  : injure, damage, mar, impair
hypocrite : pretender I
ideal*  : 1. perfect, model, exemplary
   2. abstract, theoretical, hypothetical
idiotic  : foolish, stupid, fatuous
idle  : indolent, lazy, slothful
ignoble : mean, base, degraded
ignorant : illiterate, uneducated
ignore  : overlook, disregard, neglect
illegal  : unlawful, illegitimate, illicit
illustration : explanation
imaginary : fanciful, visionary
imitate  : mimic, mock, reproduce, copy, duplicate, replicate
immerse : submerge, dip, submerse
imminent : impending
immoderate : excessive, extreme, exorbitant
immoral : vicious, corrupt, amoral
impair  : injure, deteriorate
impart  : give, bestow, grant, confer
impartial : unbiased, just, fair, disinterested
impel  : compel, drive, urge
implore : supplicate, beseech, entreat, crave, beg, solicit
impolite : uncivil, rude, discourteous
importance : consequence, moment, significance
impregnable : unassailable, invincible
improper : unfit, inappropriate
improve : ameliorate, better
improvident : unwary, thoughtless, careless, imprudent
improvised : impromptu
impudent : brazen, insolent, rude
impulsive : emotional
impunity : exemption
impute  : attribute, ascribe, refer
inaccurate : incorrect, erroneous
inactive : inert, lazy, passive, inanimate
inadvertent : heedless, careless, negligent
inanimate : lifeless
inapt  : unsuited, unsuitable, inappropriate, unfit
inborn  : innate, native, natural,
inborn  : innate, native, natural, congenital
incarcerate : imprison, confine
incense : scent, fragrance
incentive : motive, stimulus, spur, impulse, goad, prod
incessant : uninterrupted, unceasing, ceaseless, constant, continuous
incidental : accidental, casual, contingent
incisive : penetrating, biting, acute, acid
incite  : stimulate, spur, instigate, provoke
inclination : tendency, trend
include : contain, comprise
income : returns, revenue, gain, earnings
incommode : impede, hinder
incompatible : 1. inconsistent, contradictory, inharmonious
   2. unable, incapable, incompetent
inconsistent : incompatible, inharmonious, incongruous, incoherent
inconstant : fickle, variable, volatile, unstable
incontrovertible: indisputable
incorporate* : combine, integrate, include
increase : augment, enlarge
incredulous : skeptical, doubtful, dubious
indecent : vulgar, coarse, rude, immodest
indefinite : vague, obscure, confusing, uncertain
indifference : unconcern, apathy, inattention
indignation : resentment, wrath, anger
indignity : humiliation, insult, scorn
indispensable : necessary, requisite, essential
induce* : persuade, instigate, urge
industrious : diligent, assiduous
inept  : inapt, unsuitable, inappropriate
infamous : notorious, disgraceful
infectious : contagious, communicable
inflate  : swell, expand
inflexible : rigid, unbending, stern, resolute, steadfast
inform  : notify, acquaint
information : intelligence
ingenious : skillful, adroit, resourceful, inventive
ingenuous : frank, candid, open, naive
inherent* : natural, intrinsic, built-in, innate, congenital, inborn
inhibit  : restrain, prohibit, forbid
initial*  : first, introductory, beginning, inceptive
initiate  : begin, originate, commence, inaugurate
injury  : harm, damage, detriment, impairment
innocent : pure, blameless, faultless, impeccable, immaculate
innumerable : countless, numberless, numerous
inquire  : ask, query
inquiry : investigation, scrutiny, research
inquisitive : inquiring, curious
insane  : lunatic, crazy
insecure : unsafe, uncertain
insolent : rude, overbearing, contemptuous, arrogant
instantly : immediately, instantaneously
instrument : tool, implement
insult  : scorn, slander, abuse
intact  : uninjured, sound, unimpaired
integrity : uprightness, honesty, righteousness
intensify : deepen, strengthen
intent  : intention, design
intentional : deliberate, purposeful, designed, planned
interfere* : intervene, intrude
interpret : explain, explicate, elucidate
interrupt : suspend, intermit, stop, hinder
intimate : close, familiar
intolerable : unbearable
intolerant : bigoted, narrow, prejudiced, biased
intricate* : complex, elaborate, complicated
intrude  : trespass, encroach, violate
intuition : insight
invaluable : priceless, precious
invariable : constant, uniform, unchangeable
involve : include, embrace, contain, comprise, entail
irritate  : vex, fret, anger, enrage, infuriate
isolation : separation, segregation
issue  : point, problem, question J & K
jam  : pack, force, squeeze
jealous  : envious
jeer  : scoff, mock, ridicule
jeopardy : risk, danger, peril
jest  : joke
join  : link, fasten, attach, combine, connect, unite
jolt*  : shock, startle
joyful  : glad, delighted, buoyant, elated, jubilant, jocund
joyless  : cheerless, gloomy, dismal
judicial : judicious, juridical
judicious : wise, sensible, reasonable
jump  : spring, bound, hop, leap
junction : combination, union, joining, juncture
justify  : back, confirm, testify, bear out, warrant, verify, attest
keen  : sharp, acute, poignant
kill  : slaughter, slay, assassinate, massacre
kind  : benign, humane, compassionate
kindle  : ignite, inflame, fire
kinship : relationship
knack  : skill L
labor  : toil, work, exertion
laborious : 1. toilsome, arduous, burdensome, difficult
   2. diligent, industrious
lack  : deficiency, need, want, scarcity
lag  : linger
lament  : bemoan, deplore, grieve, mourn
lane  : path, way, passage, alley
languid : faint, weak, feeble, exhausted
large  : 1. huge, enormous, immense, gigantic, colossal, massive
   2. vast, pompous
last  : final, ultimate, conclusive, terminal
latent  : hidden, concealed, potential
laud  : praise, exalt, applaud
laugh  : giggle, chuckled, grin, smile
lavish  : expend, waste, squander
lawful  : legal, legitimate, valid
lazy  : idle, indolent, slothful, sluggish
league  : alliance, confederation, union
lean  : incline, bend
leap  : jump, bound, spring, vault, hop
leave  : quit, depart
legacy*  : tradition, culture, heritage, inheritance
legend  : fable, myth
legitimate : licit, legal, lawful
lengthen : extend, stretch, prolong, protract
lenient  : mild, clement, merciful
lessen  : diminish, decrease, abate, dwindle
level  : even, flat, plain, horizontal
liable  : responsible, answerable, accountable
liberal  : tolerant, broad-minded, magnanimous, generous
liberate : release, free, disengage, deliver
lift  : raise, elevate, exalt, uplift
light  : illumination, radiance
lighten  : illuminate, brighten, shine
light-hearted : carefree, gay, joyful, merry
likely  : probable, possible
limber  : flexible
limit  : bound, boundary
link  : bond, tie, connection
liquid  : fluid
livelihood : living
lively  : energetic, active, vigorous, brisk
load  : burden
loathe  : abominate, detest, hate, abhor
lodge  : shelter, harbor, house, quarter
lofty  : high, elevated, tall, sublime
loiter  : linger, loaf
lone  : solitary, lonely, secluded, separate
longing : desire, yearning, aspiration
loose  : lax, slack
lordly  : grand, magnificent, majestic, lofty
loud  : noisy, clamorous, resounding, deafening
lower  : reduce, decrease, diminish, lessen
loyal  : faithful, devoted
lubricious : slippery, smooth
lucid  : clear, transparent, limpid, intelligible, plain, obvious, distinct, evident
ludicrous : ridiculous, comical, funny
luminous : bright, shining, lucid, radiant, brilliant
lure  : allure, decoy, attract, tempt, seduce
luster  : brilliance, brightness, radiance
lusty  : hearty, vigorous, robust, stout
luxurious : sumptuous, ornate M
mad  : insane, lunatic, crazy
madden : infuriate, irritate, provoke, annoy, enrage, anger
magnificent : splendid, august, stately, majestic, imposing, grand
magnify : enlarge, augment, amplify, exaggerate
magnitude* : 1. degree, extent, measure, proportion
   2. volume, size, mass, bulk, amplitude
maid  : girl, maiden, lass
main  : chief, cardinal, prime, principal, leading, capital
maintain** : 1. affirm, assert, hold, allege, contend, claim
   2. keep, retain
maintenance : subsistence, livelihood, living
majestic : stately, grand, august, imposing, splendid, magnificent
make  : manufacture, mold, shape
maladroit : unskillful, awkward, clumsy, inept
malady : disease, illness, ailment
malcontent : dissatisfied, discontented
male  : masculine, manly
malice  : ill will, spite, enmity, malevolence
malicious : malevolent, evil-minded
maltreat : mistreat, abuse
mammoth : huge, gigantic, immense, colossal
manage : conduct, control, direct, administer
manager : administrator, executive, director
maneuver : scheme, plot, design
manful  : manly
mangle : maim, ruin, spoil, mar
mania  : excitement, enthusiasm
manifest : evident, obvious, apparent, plain, clear, distinct
manifold : various, numerous
manly  : manful, brave, bold, valiant
manner : mode, fashion, way, method, demeanor, air, bearing, behavior
many  : numerous, abundant, myriad, innumerable
margin  : border, edge, rim
mariner : sailor, seaman
mark  : note, importance, distinction, eminence
marriage : wedding, matrimony
marvelous : wonderful, extraordinary, amazing, astonishing, astounding, miraculous,
   surprising
mask  : veil, disguise
mass  : aggregation, collection, accumulation, pile
massacre : slaughter, annihilation, murder
massive* : bulky, immense, huge, tremendous
master  : commander, chief, head
matchless : unrivaled, unequaled, unparalleled
matter  : substance, material, stuff
mature  : ripe, complete, grown, fully-developed
maxim  : proverb, saying
meager : scanty, deficient, insignificant, thin
mean  : signify, imply, express, humble, ignoble, vulgar
measureless : limitless, boundless, immense, infinite
meddlesome : interfering
medicine : drug
meditate : contemplate, reflect, ponder
medium : means
meet  : encounter, confront, face
melancholy : depressed, gloomy, despondent, dismal
melt  : fuse, dissolve, thaw
menace : threaten, intimidate
mend  : repair, fix
merciful : compassionate, clement, humane, sympathetic
merciless : pitiless, relentless, inexorable
mercy  : compassion, benevolence
merit  : worth, excellence, value
merry  : jolly, gay, mirthful, hilarious
mess  : confusion, muddle
mighty  : powerful, potent
migrate : immigrate, emigrate, move
mild  : amiable, gentle, temperate, clement
milestone* : important event
mingle  : mix, blend
minor  : secondary, subordinate
minute  : detailed, precise
miraculous : marvelous, wonderful, incredible
mirth  : gaiety, glee, merriment
mischief : harm, injury, damage, hurt
miser  : niggard
miserable : wretched, unhappy
miserly : stingy, mean
misery  : wretchedness, distress, suffering, torture
misgiving : apprehension, doubt, distrust, suspicion
mislead : misguide, misdirect
mistake : error, blunder, slip
mix  : blend
moan  : groan, mourn
mock  : ridicule, sneer
moderate : reasonable, temperate, mild, average, usual
modest : humble, decent
modify : change, alter, vary
moist  : damp, humid, wet
momentous : important, consequent, serious
monetary : pecuniary
monotonous : tedious, dull, unvaried
monster : demon, devil
monstrous : tremendous, gigantic, prodigious, enormous, immense, colossal
mood  : disposition, temper
moody  : gloomy, sullen
moral  : ethical, righteous, virtuous
moreover : besides, further, furthermore
mortal  : fatal, lethal, deadly
mostly  : generally, chiefly
motif*  : figure, pattern, design, device 
motion  : gesture, movement, move
motionless : fixed, still, stationary
motive  : motivation, inducement, incentive, stimulus, spur
mount  : ascend, climb, scale
mourn  : grieve, lament, bewail, deplore
movement : drive, crusade
multitude : host, crowd, throng, mass, swarm
murder : assassination
murmur : grumble, mumble, mutter
muse  : meditate, ponder, contemplate, deliberate, brood
mute  : silent, dumb, still
mutiny  : revolt, rebellion, uprising, rebel
mutual  : reciprocal N
naive  : ingenuous, candid, downright
naked  : nude, bare, stripped
narrow-minded: intolerant, illiberal
nasty  : filthy, dirty, foul, impure, polluted
native  : inborn, inherent, natural, innate, congenital
nearly  : almost, approximately, well-nigh
neat  : orderly, trim, tidy, smart
necessary : essential, indispensable, requisite, vital
neglect : disregard, ignore, overlook
negligence* : carelessness
negligible : trivial, unimportant
negotiate : treat, bargain
nervous : excitable, uneasy
noble  : lofty, honorable, dignified, imposing, stately
notable : noteworthy, noticeable, remarkable, extraordinary, conspicuous, eminent,
   distinguished
note  : eminence, distinction, repute, celebrity, reputation
notice  : information, intelligence
notify  : inform, acquaint
notion  : opinion, view
nourish : nurture, breed
novel  : 1. new, fresh
   2. rare, unusual, strange
numberless : innumerable, numerous, myriad, countless, untold, infinite
nurse  : tend, attend
nurture : nurse
nutrition : nourishment O
obedient : submissive, docile
object* : protest, remonstrate
objective : unprejudiced, unbiased, impartial, fair
obligation : requirement, duty, responsibility
oblige  : require, compel, force, coerce
obscure : unclear, uncertain, ambiguous, indistinct, blurred
observance : fulfillment, performance
observation : noticing, perceiving, watching
observe : 1. perceive, notice, watch
   2. comply, conform, follow, fulfill
obstacle : obstruction, hindrance, impediment, interference, block
obstinate : unyielding, stubborn, inflexible, headstrong, dogged
obstruct : block, stop, bar, hinder, barricade, impede
obtain* : get, acquire, procure, secure, gain, achieve, attain, earn, win
obvious : plain, manifest, evident, clear, apparent, distinct
occult  : mysterious, secret, unknown, mystical
occupation : calling, trade, business, profession, vocation, pursuit
occupy : capture, seize
occur  : happen, befall
occurrence : event, incident, affair
odd  : unusual, strange, weird, queer, quaint, eccentric, bizarre
odor  : smell, fragrance, scent, perfume
offend  : irritate, annoy, vex, provoke, gall, fret, displease
offense : transgression, sin, misdemeanor, crime, felony
offensive : displeasing, irritating, unpleasant, disgusting, disagreeable, annoying
offer  : present, proffer, tender
old  : aged, elderly, ancient, antiquated, antique
old-fashioned : outmoded, antique, obsolete, archaic
ominous : foreboding
omnipresent : ubiquitous
only  : sole, single, unique
operate : work, manage
operation : transaction, business, affair
operative : effective, efficient, effectual
opponent : adversary, antagonist, contestant, enemy, foe
opportune : timely, seasonable
opportunity : chance, occasion
oppose  : resist, object
opposite : contrary, reverse
oppress : maltreat, persecute
oppression : tyranny, despotism, persecution
oral  : verbal, spoken, vocal
orbit  : path, course
ordeal  : trial, test
order  : direction, mandate, command
orderly : regular, systematic, methodical
ordinary : common, usual, customary, accustomed, habitual
organic : systematic
organize : construct, form, constitute
original : inventive, creative
originate : spring, emanate, initiate
ornament : decorate, adorn, embellish
outbreak* : 1. epidemic, plague, rash.
   2. explosion, burst, outburst, gust, eruption
outcome : result, consequence
outdo  : surpass, excel
outlaw  : criminal
outline  : contour, silhouette, sketch, draft, block out, rough in, rough out
outlive  : survive
outrage : insult, abuse, maltreat, injure, offend
outspoken : frank, open candid
outstanding : prominent, eminent, conspicuous, striking
overcome : conquer, defeat, subdue, crush, surmount
overlook : disregard, neglect, ignore
overpower : overcome, overwhelm, vanquish, subjugate, subdue, crush, defeat, conquer,
   beat
oversee : supervise, superintend, survey, watch, overlook
oversight : mistake, blunder, slip, error
overthrow : upset, overturn, subvert
overwhelm : overpower, crush
own  : acknowledge, admit, allow, recognize P
pace  : step, gait, walk, step
pacific  : peaceful, calm, tranquil, quiet
pacify  : calm, tranquilize, assuage, ameliorate
pack  : package, bundle, parcel
pact  : compact, contract, bond
pain  : suffering, distress, torture, torment, pang, ache
painstaking : assiduous, diligent
pale  : pallid, wan
panic  : terror, fright, alarm
pant  : gasp
parallel : corresponding
paralyze : benumb
paramount : supreme, chief, principal
pardon  : forgive, absolve, condone, acquit
partake : participate, share
partial  : biased, prejudiced, unfair
partisan : adherent, supporter, follower, disciple
partition : divide, separate, apportion
passage : way, route, path, lane, thoroughfare
passion : zeal, ardor, fervor
passionate : ardent, vehement, zealous, enthusiastic, earnest
passive : inactive, inert
pastime : diversion, entertainment, recreation
patch  : mend, repair, fix
pathetic : pitiable, touching, moving
patience : endurance, fortitude, perseverance
patron  : protector, supporter, advocate
pause  : rest, suspension, interruption, break, halt
peaceable : pacific, peaceful, amicable, amiable, mild
peaceful : tranquil, placid, serene, calm
peak  : top, rest, summit, acme, pinnacle
peculiar : strange, odd, queer, eccentric, bizarre, extraordinary, unique
pecuniary : monetary, financial
pedestrian : walker
peek  : peep, peer, pry
peer  : equal, mate, match
penetrate : pierce, permeate
penetrating : piercing, sharp, acute, keen, shrewd
pensive : thoughtful, meditative, reflective
perceive : see, discern, notice, apprehend, understand
perform : execute, discharge, fulfill, accomplish, achieve
peril  : risk, jeopardy, danger, hazard
period  : age, era, epoch
periphery* : edge, border, fringe, margin, rim, verge
perish  : die, decay, wither, disappear, vanish
permanent : lasting, constant, perpetual, everlasting
permission : leave, permit, allowance
permit  : allow, let
perpetual : everlasting, permanent, enduring, eternal, ceaseless, infinite
perplex : confuse, puzzle
persecute : oppress, harass, molest, afflict
persevere : persist, endure
persuade : induce, entice
pertinent : appropriate, suitable, fit, proper
pervade : permeate, penetrate
petition : entreat, supplicate, beg, solicit
picturesque : colorful, scenic, beautiful
piece  : segment, scrap, shred, fragment
pierce  : penetrate
pile  : heap up, accumulate, assemble, amass, collect
pilgrim : wanderer
pillar  : column, prop
pious  : devout, reverent, religious
piquant : sharp, pungent
pitiful  : pitiable, pathetic, piteous
pitiless  : merciless, cruel, ruthless, implacable, relentless, inexorable
pity  : sympathy, compassion
placid  : calm, peaceful, tranquil, serene, quiet, undisturbed
plague  : epidemic, outbreak
plain  : clear, distinct, lucid, unambiguous, unequivocal, intelligible, evident, manifest,
   obvious, apparent
platform : stage, scaffold, scaffolding, pulpit
plead  : entreat, beg, supplicate, reason, defend
plight  : predicament, dilemma
plot  : scheme, intrigue, conspiracy
plunge  : immerse, submerge, dip
pointed : sharp, piercing, severe, keen
poison  : venom
polish  : brighten, smooth, shine, refine, gloss
polished : smooth, glossy, shiny
polite  : courteous, civil, genteel
pollute  : dirty, contaminate, corrupt
ponder  : meditate, reflect, deliberate, muse, weigh, contemplate
popular : common, prevailing, current, general, prevalent
port  : harbor, haven
portion : part, section, segment, fragment
portray : picture, depict, represent, describe
pose  : state, assert, propound
position : station, place, locality, site
positive : explicit, express, certain, definite, precise
post  : column, pillar, pole
postpone : defer, delay, procrastinate, adjourn
posture : pose, attitude
potent  : powerful, mighty, influential
potential : possible, latent
potentially* : possibly
practicable : workable, achievable, attainable
practice : custom, habit
praise  : laud, commend, admire, exalt
pray  : entreat, supplicate, beg, beseech, implore, petition
precaution : prudence
precious : valuable, dear, invaluable, priceless
precise  : definite, correct, strict, accurate
predict  : foretell, prophesy, foresee, forecast
predominant : prevailing, prevalent, dominant
predominate* : prevail, outweigh, surpass, dominate
preeminent : conspicuous, noticeable, outstanding, eminent, celebrated, distinguished
prejudice : bias, partiality
preliminary : introductory, preparatory
premium : bonus, gift, reward
preoccupied : absorbed, engrossed
prescribe : ordain, direct, dictate, decree
presently : immediately, directly, shortly, forthwith, soon
preserve : keep, conserve, shelter, shield, protect
prestige : reputation, influence, distinction
presume : assume, suppose
pretend : feign, affect, assume
pretense : pretext, excuse
prevail* : prevalent, predominate, dominant, current, general, common
prevent : hinder, obstruct, hamper, impede, thwart, interrupt
previous : prior, earlier, former, preceding
pride  : conceit, self-esteem, vanity, arrogance, self-importance
primary : elementary, fundamental, basic
prime  : primary
primitive : primeval, uncivilized, uncultured
principal* : prime, paramount, capital, chief, foremost, main, leading, cardinal
private  : individual, personal, confidential, secret
privilege : prerogative
probe  : examine, explore, investigate
procedure : proceeding, course, process
proceed : advance, progress, continue
proclaim : announce, declare, promulgate
procure : acquire, gain, get, secure, win, obtain
prodigious : wonderful, marvelous, amazing, astonishing
productive : fertile, fruitful
profession : vocation, calling, business, employment
proficient : skilled, adept, skillful
profound : deep
profusion : abundance, plenty, bounty
progress : advancement, advance, progression
progressive : forward, advanced
progressively* : increasingly
prohibit : forbid, inhibit
project  : plan, scheme, design
prolong : lengthen, extend, protract
promote : further, encourage
prone  : inclined, disposed, liable, tending
proof  : evidence, testimony
proper  : appropriate, fit, suitable, suited, adapted
property : 1. possession, effects, estate
   2. quality, character, feature, characteristic
prophesy : foretell, predict
proponent* : supporter
proportion : size, extent, dimensions
propose : offer, proffer, suggest
proposition : proposal
prospect : anticipation, expectation, outlook, perspective
prosper : succeed, thrive, flourish
prosperous : successful, flourishing, thriving
protect  : defend, guard, shield, shelter, harbor
protest  : remonstrate, complain, object
proud  : arrogant, haughty, overbearing, self-important
prove  : confirm, verify, corroborate, validate, substantiate
proverb : maxim, saying
provide : furnish, supply, afford
provision : food, supplies
provoke : enrage, exasperate, vex, irritate
prudent : cautious, discreet, careful, wary
pseudo  : sham, counterfeit, false, fake
publish : announce, proclaim, declare
purchase : buy, procure
pure  : uncontaminated, clean, spotless, immaculate, unpolluted
purge  : purity, cleanse, clear, clean, clarify
purpose : object, intent, intention, aim, end
push  : shove, thrust

 

Q
quaint  : strange, odd, unusual, extraordinary, uncommon
quake  : shake, shudder, tremble, shiver, quaver, quiver
qualify  : fit, suit, entitle, equip
quality  : characteristic, attribute, property, character, trait
quarrel  : dispute, argument, controversy
quick  : prompt, rapid, swift, fleet, hasty
quiet  : pacific, calm, tranquil, serene
quit  : stop, cease, leave
quiver  : shiver. shake, tremble, vibrate, quake, shudder R
radiant  : shining, bright, brilliant, beaming
radical* : 1. fundamental, basic
   2. extreme, revolutionary
rage  : anger, fury, wrath
raise  : lift, elevate, hoist
random : haphazard, aimless
range  : extent, scope, compass
rank  : position, standing, station, level
rapid  : speedy, fast, swift, fleet
rapture  : ecstasy, joy, delight, bliss, exultation
rare*  : scarce, uncommon, exceptional, extraordinary
rascal  : scamp, villain, scoundrel
rash  : reckless, heedless, indiscreet, imprudent
ratify  : confirm, sanction, validate
ration  : apportion, distribute, mete
rational : reasonable, sensible
raw  : crude, rude, uncooked
reactionary : repulsive
readily  : easily, willingly
real  : actual, factual, authentic, genuine
realize  : grasp, understand, comprehend, conceive
realm  : sphere, domain, province, field
rear*  : nurture, raise, nurse
reasonable : rational, logical, sensible, judicious
reassure : encourage, comfort
rebel  : insurgent, traitor
rebellion : mutiny, revolt
rebellious : defiant, rebel, mutinous
rebuke  : reprove, reprimand, censure, reproach, scold
recall  : recollect, remember
reciprocal : mutual
recite  : rehearse
reckless : careless, rash, heedless, imprudent
reckon  : 1. count, compute, calculate, enumerate
   2. consider, regard, deem
recommend : commend
recompense : compensation, reward
reconcile : conciliate, appease
recover : regain, reclaim, retrieve, restore
reduce  : diminish, decrease, abridge, curtail, abate, lessen
refer  : attribute, ascribe, impute
referee  : umpire, judge
reference : allusion, mention
refined  : purified, clarified, distilled
reflect  : meditate, ponder, deliberate, contemplate, consider, muse
reflection : image
reform  : better, rectify, correct, amend, ameliorate, mend, improve, repair
refresh  : freshen, enliven, reanimate
refuge  : sanctuary, haven
refuse  : decline, reject, rebuff
refute  : disprove ; (Ant) agree, concur
regain  : recover, retrieve
regard  : consider, account, deem, hold, suppose
regardless : inattentive, neglectful, indifferent, unconcerned
region  : section, province
register : enroll, list, record, catalogue
regret  : deplore, lament
regular  : uniform, even, systematic, formal, orderly
regulate : control, direct, adjust, arrange
regulation : rule, order, law
rehearse : recite, practice, drill, train
reign  : rule, govern, prevail, predominate ; (Ant) obey
reinforce : strengthen, intensify
rejoice  : delight
relation : connection, relationship, association, alliance
relax  : loosen, slacken ; (Ant) tighten, intensify
release* : 1. free, liberate, loose, discharge
   2. emit, vent, give off, give out, let off.
   3. loosen, loose, untie, unbind, unclasp, unfasten
relentless : unrelenting, stern, severe, merciless, ruthless, pitiless
reliable : trustworthy, dependable, infallible
relief  : 1. deliverance 2. alleviation, ease
relieve  : ease, alleviate, assuage, mitigate, allay, lighten, soothe, lessen, abate, diminish
religious : pious, devout, reverent
relish  : taste flavor, savor
reluctant : unwilling, disinclined, loath, averse
remain  : last, abide, endure
remainder : remnant, residue, rest
remark  : comment, utterance, statement
remarkable* : notable, conspicuous, unusual, extraordinary, noteworthy, distinguished
remedy : cure, treatment
remember : recall, recollect
remembrance : recollection, reminiscence, memory
remote  : distant, removed
remove : transfer, transport, carry
render  : contribute, afford, present, give, assign
renew  : regenerate, renovate
renown : repute, fame, distinction, eminence, reputation
rent  : lease, let
repair  : mend, remodel, amend, fix
repel  : repulse, parry
repent  : regret, atone
replace : supersede, supplant, substitute
represent : depict, express, portray
repress  : check, suppress, subdue, quell, crush, restrain, curb
reproach : abuse, reprimand, condemn, rebuke, scold, blame
reproduce : copy, duplicate, imitate, generate, beget
reprove : rebuke, blame, censure, reproach, reprimand, scold, admonish
reputation : repute, honor, fame, distinction, renown
request : sue, petition, entreat, beg, supplicate, solicit, beseech
require  : demand, enjoin
requisite : necessary, essential, indispensable
rescue  : save, deliver, redeem
research : investigate, study, examine, scrutinize
resemblance : analogy, similarity, affinity, similitude, likeness, alikeness
reserve : save, retain, keep, hold
reside  : dwell, abide, live, sojourn, lodge, inhabit
residence : dwelling, house, habitation
resign  : relinquish, abandon, forsake, quit
resilient : rebounding, elastic
resist  : withstand, oppose, confront, counteract, rebuff
resolute : resolved, steadfast, determined
resolve : determine, decide, disintegrate, separate, analyze, solve
respect  : esteem, deference, veneration, reverence
respectable : estimable, honorable
respectful : courteous, polite, well-mannered, civil
responsible : accountable, answerable, liable
restful  : calm, tranquil, peaceful, undisturbed, serene, pacific
restore  : renew, renovate, repair, return, recover, revive
restrain : check, repress, curb, suppress, restrict
restrict** : confine, limit, restrain, curb
result  : outcome, consequence, effect, end
retaliate : avenge, requite, revenge
retire  : withdraw, retreat, recede, retract
reveal  : disclose, divulge, unveil ; (Ant) conceal
reverence : worship, veneration, respect, homage, awe
reverse : invert
revert*  : return, come back. revisit.
review  : survey, reexamination
revise* : change, modify, amend, alter, correct
revive  : revitalize
revolt  : rebel, mutiny
revolution : overthrow, revolt
revolve : rotate, circulate, roll, orbit, circle
reward  : recompense, prize
rich  : opulent, affluent, abundant, ample
ridicule : mockery, sneer, mock, jeer
ridiculous : absurd, funny, comical
right  : just, equitable, upright
righteous : moral, upright, virtuous, equitable
rigid  : 1. stiff, firm, bard, inflexible
   2. strict, severe,  stern, rigorous
rigorous : rigid, severe, harsh, stern, austere, strict
rim  : edge, border, margin, brim, boundary, verge
riot  : uproar, disturbance
ripe  : mature, mellow, developed
risk  : hazard, danger, venture, peril, jeopardy
rival  : competitor, contestant, antagonist, opponent
roam  : ramble, wander, rove, stray
roar  : cry, bellow, shout, yell
rob  : deprive, plunder, pillage
robust  : sturdy, vigorous, stalwart
rot  : decay, corrupt, degenerate
rotate  : turn, spin, revolve, wheel, roll
rotten  : decayed, foul, corrupt
rough  : uneven, irregular, rugged, violent, wild
rouse  : stir, excite, stimulate, awaken, provoke
rude  : discourteous, ill-mannered, impolite, uncivil, coarse
rudimentary : elementary, fundamental, basic
ruin  : decay, downfall, spoil, demolish, destroy, damage
rural  : rustic ; (Ant) urban 
rush  : dash
ruthless : pitiless, cruel, harsh, severe, unrelenting, relentless, inexorable S
sacred  : holy, divine
sad  : sorrowful, mournful
safe  : secure, protected
sanction : permission, ratification, authorization
sanguinary : bloody, bloodthirsty, cruel, ruthless
satire  : irony, sarcasm
satisfy  : gratify, meet, satiate, suffice
savage  : wild, uncultivated, barbarous, uncivilized, cruel, brutal
save  : rescue, salvage
savor  : taste, flavor
scale*  : climb, mount, ascend
scan  : scrutinize, investigate
scandal : disgrace, dishonor, shame
scanty  : meager, insufficient, inadequate, deficient
scarce  : rare, insufficient, deficient
scare  : terrify, alarm, startle, frighten, shock, intimidate
scatter  : sprinkle, strew, disperse, dissipate
scent  : odor, perfume
scheme : plan, design, project, plot, intrigue, conspiracy
scoff  : mock, scorn, jeer, sneer, ridicule
scold  : reprove, reproach, reprimand, rebuke
scope  : range, extent, space
score  : gain, win
scorn  : contempt, disdain, mockery, scoff, sneer
scream  : shriek, cry
screen  : shelter, protect, veil, defend, cover, shield
scrupulous : careful, painstaking, meticulous
scrutinize : examine, investigate, dissect, study
scrutiny : examination, investigation, dissection, inspection
search  : seek, explore
secret  : clandestine, conceal, private, privy
secure  : safe, protected, obtain, procure, get, acquire, gain
segregate : isolate, separate, dissociate
seize  : grasp, grab, clutch, capture, grip
self-evident : evident, obvious, clear
self-satisfied : complacent, smug
send  : transmit, dispatch, convey
sensation : excitement, stimulation, animation, agitation
sensational : exciting, stimulating
sense  : meaning, signification, significance, denotation
senseless : stupid, foolish, silly, idiotic
sensibility : susceptibility, sensitivity, sensitiveness
sensible : judicious, intelligent, sagacious, sage, wise, sound, rational, reasonable
sensitive : impressionable, susceptible
sensual : voluptuous, sensuous
sententious : concise, terse, succinct
sentiment : emotion, sentimentality, sensibility
separate : divide, part, disjoin, sever, dissociate, segregate, split
sequence : succession, series
serene  : calm, peaceful, tranquil, undisturbed, placid, sedate
serious  : important, momentous, grave
serve  : assist, help, aid, succor, contribute
sever  : separate, divide, cut, cleave, rend
severe  : 1. rough, harsh, brutal.
   2. formidable, rigorous,
   3. tough, rigid, stern, strict
shabby  : ragged, beggarly, poor
shade  : screen, hide, protect, conceal, cover, shelter
shake  : sway, waver, agitate, shudder
shameful : disgraceful, humiliating, dishonorable, ignominious
shameless : brazen, impudent, insolent, unashamed
share  : portion, part, allotment, quota, dividend, stock
sharp*  : 1. keen, acute, pointed, pungent, severe, poignant
   2. abrupt, acute, sudden  ex. a sharp drop
shed  : emit, radiate, diffuse
shatter* : break, crush, crack
sheer  : unmixed, pure, steep, precipitous, abrupt
shelter  : protect, guard, cover, safeguard, shield, harbor, defend
shield* : protect, defend, secure, guard, safeguard
shine  : beam, glare, gleam, glisten, glimmer, shimmer, glow
shining : radiant, gleaming, bright, brilliant, glistening
shiver  : tremble, quake, shudder, shake
shock  : blow, impact
shorten : curtail, abbreviate, abridge, condense, lessen, reduce
short-sighted : near-sighted, indiscreet, imprudent
showy  : ostentatious, gaudy, loud
shrewd : astute, sharp, acute, keen, penetrating
shrink  : contract, shrivel, diminish, decrease, dwindle
shun  : elude, avoid, evade, escape
shy  : bashful, reserved, timid, coy
siege  : blockade, besieging
sign  : token, indication, trace, hint, suggestion
significant : important, consequential, momentous, critical, crucial, vital
signify  : express, indicate, mean
silent  : speechless, dumb, mute, tacit
simultaneous : concurrent, concomitant, synchronous
sin  : transgression, trespass, violation, crime, offense
sincere  : candid, earnest, plain, genuine, true, real
sip  : drink, absorb, sup
situation : location, position, site, place, spot
size  : dimensions, proportions, magnitude
skeptical : skeptic, doubtful, dubious, incredulous
skilled* : able, capable, competent, skillful, proficient, adept, qualified
skillful  : adroit, deft, adept, proficient, dexterous
skip  : spring, jump, leap, bound, hop
skirmish : encounter, battle, fight, conflict, combat, collision
slack  : loose, relaxed
slander : defame, scandalize, vilify
slaughter : butcher, massacre, murder, slay, kill
slavery : bondage, servitude, subjection, enslavement
slay  : murder, kill, slaughter, massacre, butcher, assassinate
slender : slim, weak, fragile, feeble, delicate
slide  : glide
slight  : insignificant, trivial, trifling
slim  : slender, thin
slip  : mistake, error, blunder
slumber : sleep
sly  : cunning, artful
smart  : intelligent, bright, sharp, clever, adroit, shrewd
smash  : shatter, crush, crash
smooth : level, even, plain, flat ; (Ant) rough, uneven
snare  : trap, lure, bait
sneer  : scorn, jeer, gibe, scoff, disdain, deride, ridicule
soak  : steep, drench, wet, saturate
soar  : tower, rise, ascend, mount
sober  : unintoxicated, sane, sound ; (Ant) drunk
sociable : affable, genial ; (Ant) sullen
soft  : yielding, pliable, plastic
soften  : assuage, moderate, mitigate, soothe, alleviate, ease
solace  : comfort, consolation
sole  : only, single, solitary
solemn : grave, sober, serious, impressive, August, imposing, grand, majestic, stately
solid  : firm, substantial, sound, stable, strong
solitary : isolated, lonely
solitude : isolation, loneliness
soothe  : relieve, allay, mitigate, assuage, alleviate, appease, soften, lull
sophisticated : artificial, mundane, worldly
sore  : painful, grieved, distressed, sorrowful
sorrow  : distress, anguish, grief, sadness, woe
sort  : classify, class, assort
sound  : uninjured, unharmed, unimpaired, healthy
sour  : acid, tart
sovereign : supreme, chief, paramount
spacious : ample, capacious, extensive, vast
span  : distance, length
spare  : save, reserve
sparkle : spark, glitter, twinkle
special  : particular, especial, peculiar, specific
specimen : sample, model, pattern
spectacular* : dramatic, sensational, impressive
speculation : supposition, conjecture, surmise
speculative* : 1. academic, abstract, theoretical.
   2. thoughtful, reflective, meditative, contemplative, pensive, deliberative
spend  : expend, squander, waste, lavish, exhaust, consume
spin  : turn, rotate
spite  : ill-will, maliciousness, malice
splendid : gorgeous, magnificent, sumptuous, dazzling
splendor : brilliance, grandeur, pomp
split  : cleave, rend, separate
spoil  : damage, impair, ruin, mar, harm, corrupt
spontaneous : voluntary, uncompelled, willing
spot*  : find, locate, pinpoint, detect, recognize
spread  : unfold, extend, stretch, expand
spring  : leap, jump, bound, hop, vault
sprinkle : scatter, strew, disperse
spur  : incitement, stimulus, incentive, provocation, instigation
squander : waste, lavish
stab  : thrust, plunge
stable  : invariable, steadfast, unchangeable, constant, steady
stagger : sway, totter, waver, falter
stagnant : inert, inactive
stain  : taint, spot, dirty, blemish, blot
stake  : stick, post
stale  : vapid, old, decayed
stammer : stutter, hesitate, falter
stamp  : trample, crush, pound
stand  : endure, undergo, bear, sustain, weather, tolerate, endure
standard : criterion, gauge
stare  : gaze
startle  : surprise, alarm, amaze, astound, astonish, scare, frighten
state  : condition situation, status, environment, position
stately  : imposing, grand, majestic, magnificent
statement : declaration, announcement, proclamation
station  : standing, rank
status  : position, standing, rank
stay  : remain, reside sojourn, rest
steadfast : firm, stanch, steady, resolute
stem  : base, root
   1. stop, check, dam, obstruct, hinder
   2. come, derive, proceed, originate
sterile  : barren, unproductive, fruitless
stern  : firm, strict, adamant, unrelenting, uncompromising, severe, harsh, hard, infallible
stick  : adhere, cohere, cling, cleave, hold
stiff  : rigid, solid
stifle  : smother, suffocate, strangle, choke
still  : motionless, stationary, tranquil, calm, peaceful, placid, pacific, serene
stimulating* : restorative, refreshing, energizing, invigorating, reinvigorating
stimulus : incentive, incitement, stimulation, provocation, stimulant
stingy  : parsimonious, miserly, mean
stir  : agitate, incite, instigate, prompt, rouse, torment, arouse, provoke, stimulate,
   goad, spur
stock  : store, inventory, reserve, hoard
stoop  : bend, lean, bow, crouch
stop  : interrupt, arrest, halt
stout  : stalwart, sturdy, athletic, vigorous
strain  : stretch, tighten
strange : 1. unusual, extraordinary, curious, bizarre, odd, queer,  mysterious, eccentric,
   abnormal
   2. foreign, alien
stranger : alien, foreigner
strategy : tactics
stray  : wander, rove, roam, ramble
stream  : current, run, flow
strength : power, force, vigor, might, energy, capacity
strenuous : vigorous, energetic, active, eager, zealous, ardent, earnest
stress  : emphasis, accent, force
stretch  : extend, lengthen, pull
strict  : rigid , rigorous, stringent, stiff, severe, harsh, austere, stern
strife  : conflict, discord, quarrel, struggle, clash, fight
stringent* : severe, constricted, tight, strict
strike  : hit, knock, beat, pound, slap
strive  : endeavor, try, struggle, toil
stroke  : striking, blow, beating, beat
stroll  : ramble, wander, roam, rove
strong  : powerful, vigorous, mighty, potent
stubborn : obstinate, dogged, persistent, rigid, stiff, headstrong
stuff  : material, substance, matter
stun  : astound, daze, astonish, amaze, bewilder, confound, stupefy
stupid  : dull, senseless, foolish
sturdy  : strong, robust, stalwart, muscular, stout
subdue  : conquer, defeat, suppress, subjugate, subject
subject  : subordinate, subjected, submissive, obedient
subjective : personal, individual ; (Ant) objective
submerse : dip, sink, plunge, immerse
submit  : yield, surrender, obey
subordinate : inferior, secondary, dependent, junior, inferior, secondary, supplementary
subscribe : agree, assent, consent
subsidize : back, finance, fund
substance : matter, material, stuff
substantial* : real, actual, material
subtract : deduct, discount
succession : sequence, series
successive : consecutive, continuous
succinct*  : concise, brief, lean, terse, condensed, laconic
suffer  : 1. undergo, experience
   2. sustain, bear, tolerate, stand
sufficient* : enough, adequate, ample
suggest : indicate, hint, intimate
summary : digest, extract, abstract
summit : top, peak, apex, pinnacle, acme, zenith
summon : call, bid, convene, convoke
superficial : shallow, external, outward
supernatural : miraculous, abnormal
supply  : furnish, provide, replenish
support : aid, help, assist, advocate
suppose : assume, presume
surpass : exceed, excel, transcend, outdo, beat, outstrip
surplus : remainder
surprise : astonish, amaze, astound, startle
surrender : submit, yield
survey  : watch, inspect, examine, scrutinize
suspect : surmise, imagine, consider, suppose, guess, conjecture
suspend : 1. defer, postpone, delay
   2. stop, cease, interrupt, arrest
suspense : uncertainty, doubt, indecision, hesitation, misgiving
suspicion : doubt, mistrust, distrust
sustain  : bear, carry, support, uphold
swallow : eat, gorge, gulp, engulf, devour
sway  : swing, wave, brandish, rule, reign, govern
swear  : avow, vow
sweat  : perspiration
sweep  : clean
sweeping : broad, wide, extensive, comprehensive, wholesale, vast
swift  : speedy, fleet, rapid
swivel  : spin, rotate, turn T
taboo  : prohibition
tactics  : strategy, maneuvering
tale  : story, narrative, account, fiction
talent  : aptitude, capacity, capability, gift, genius, faculty
talkative : garrulous, wordy, verbose
tall  : high, elevated, towering, lofty
tame  : domesticated, mild, docile, domestic ; (Ant) wild
tangible : real, substantial, concrete, substantive
tear  : rend, rip, sever, split
tease  : irritate, bother, trouble, disturb, annoy, plague, molest, harry, harass
tedious : tiresome, irksome, wearisome, tiring, monotonous, boring
temperament : disposition, make-up, temper, nature
temperate : moderate, self-restrained, sober ; (Ant) immoderate
temporary : transient, transitory, fleeting, ephemeral
tempt  : induce, persuade, entice, allure, seduce, attract, decoy, lure
tempting : inviting, seductive, attractive, alluring
tendency : trend, proneness, inclination, bent
tender  : soft, delicate, lenient, mild
tense  : rigid, strained, nervous ; (Ant) relaxed
terrible : dreadful, awful, frightful, appalling, horrible
terrific  : splendid, glorious, superb, marvelous, sensational
terror  : horror, panic, fright, dismay
tiresome : wearisome, tedious, dull, boredom
toil  : work, labor, strive
tolerance : toleration, patience
tolerate* : endure
tool  : instrument, implement, utensil
top  : apex, zenith, acme, peak, summit, pinnacle, culmination, vertex
torment : afflict, pain, rack, torture, harass, harry, annoy, vex, distress
torrential* : wild, violent
tide  : stream, current
touch  : impress, move, strike, stir
tough  : firm, strong, hard, sturdy
trace*  : vestige, mark, sign, track, footprint, trail
traffic  : trade
tragic  : mournful, pathetic, pitiful, disastrous
trail  : drag, draw
traitor  : betrayer
transact : settle, perform, manage, conduct, execute
transform : change alter, convert, transmute
transmit : send, dispatch, convey, carry, transfer
transparent : clear, pellucid, lucid, limpid, crystalline
transport : carry, convey, transport
trap  : pitfall, snare
treachery : betrayal, treason
treasure : prize, cherish
treat  : entertain, regale, feast
tremble : shake, quiver, quaver, quake, shiver, shudder
tremendous : huge, gigantic, colossal
trend  : tendency, direction, inclination
trespass : encroach, infringe, intrude, invade
trial  : affliction, suffering, distress, sorrow, trouble
trick  : cheat, swindle, beguile, deceive, defraud, delude
trifling  : trivial, insignificant, unimportant, petty, negligible, slight
trim  : clip, prune, shave, shear, arrange
triumph : win, succeed, prevail
troop  : band, squad, party company, group, herd, flock, swarm, throng
trouble  : disturb, distress, worry, annoy, vex, bother,
   1. effort, struggle, endeavor, striving, exertion, pains
   2. discomfort, inconvenience
troublesome : annoying, laborious, difficult, arduous, burdensome, hard
true  : factual, actual, real, authentic, genuine
trust  : confidence, belief, faith, credit
trustworthy : reliable, true, stanch, dependable, credible
tumult  : commotion, disturbance, disorder, turbulence, uproar, agitation, uprising
twinkle : glimmer, sparkle
twist  : contort, distort
typical  : representative, symbolic, model, exemplary
tyrannical : arbitrary, despotic, oppressive
tyrant  : dictator, oppressor U
ugly  : unlovely, unsightly, homely
ultimate : final, last, extreme
umpire  : referee, arbiter, judge
unaccountable: inexplicable, strange, incomprehensible
unanimity : accord, agreement
unassuming : modest, unpretending, unpretentious, humble
unbearable : unendurable, intolerable, insufferable, insupportable
unbecoming : inappropriate, unsuitable
unbiased : fair, impartial, unprejudiced, disinterested
unbounded : unlimited, boundless, limitless, immense, immeasurable, vast, infinite, endless,
   interminable
uncivil  : impolite, discourteous, impudent
uncompromising: unyielding, inflexible, rigid, firm, obstinate
undergo : experience, suffer
undermine : ruin, thwart
undertake : assume
unequaled : unparalleled, matchless, peerless
unexampled : unprecedented, matchless, peerless
uniform* : invariable, unchanging, consistent
uninterested : unconcerned, indifferent
unite  : join, combine, incorporate, connect, conjoin, link, associate
universal : entire, ecumenical
unlawful : illegal, illicit, illegitimate
unmindful : heedless, regardless, careless, inattentive, neglectful
unparalleled : matchless, unmatched, unequaled, unrivaled, peerless
unpleasant : disagreeable, offensive, repulsive
unreasonable : irrational, senseless, foolish, silly, preposterous, absurd, stupid, idiotic
unrefined : coarse, crude, unpolished, vulgar
unrelenting : relentless, implacable, inexorable, harsh, merciless, pitiless, cruel, ruthless
unsettled : unstable, unsteady, shaky, unfixed, changeable, infirm
unsophisticated: simple, artless, ingenuous, naive
unstable : infirm, unsteady, precarious, inconstant, unsettled
unsteady : unsettled, changeable, unstable
untie  : unfasten, loose, unknot
unyielding : inflexible, firm, stanch, steadfast, adamant, resolute, determined
upright : erect, vertical, perpendicular, conscientious, righteous, honest, virtuous
uproar  : disturbance, tumult, turbulence, commotion, clamor
upset  : 1. overturn, capsize, overthrow
   2. defeat, subdue, overwhelm, embarrass
urge  : force, impel, press, instigate, stimulate, persuade, induce
urgent  : pressing, imperative, exigent
useful  : serviceable, advantageous, profitable, beneficial V
ineffective : empty, devoid, destitute
vacant  : empty, void, unoccupied
vagabond : wandering, nomadic, vagrant
vague  : indefinite, unspecified, obscure, uncertain, indistinct, dim, unsettled
vain  : useless, worthless, trifling, trivial, unavailing, futile
valid  : just, sound, logical, cogent, effective, binding, legal
vanish  : disappear, end, cease, fade
variable : changeable, inconstant, fickle, unsteady
variety* : diversity, kind, sort, species, type
various : diverse, varied
vary*  : change, alter, diversify, transform, transmute
vast  : extensive, immense, huge, enormous, gigantic, colossal, prodigious, stupendous
velocity* : speed, pace, rapidity, celerity
vengeance : avenging, revenge
venture : hazard, danger, jeopardy, risk, peril
verbal  : oral, spoken
verge  : edge, rim, margin, brim, brink, limit
version : translation
vertical : upright, plumb, erect, perpendicular
vibrant  : vibrating, shaking, oscillating
vibrate  : oscillate, shake, tremble, quiver, shiver
vice  : wickedness, evil
vicious : immoral, depraved, corrupt, malicious
view  : 1. prospect, outlook, idea, notion
   2. opinion, see, behold, witness, contemplate
vigilant : attentive, wary, alert, awake, watchful
vigorous : strong, robust, sturdy, energetic, powerful
villain  : rascal, scoundrel
violation : breach, infringement, transgression
violence : vehemence, intensity, force
virgin  : maiden, maid
virtual* : practical, implicit
virtually*  : 1. In fact or to all purposes; practically
   2. nearly
virtue  : goodness, uprightness, morality, justice
virtuous : right, upright, moral, righteous, good, chaste
visible  : apparent, manifest, obvious, evident, open, observable, clear, conspicuous,
   unmistakable
vision  : sight, perception, discernment
visionary : fanciful, imaginary, speculative, illusory
vista  : view, prospect, perspective
vital  : indispensable, important, critical, cardinal
vivid  : bright, brilliant, animated, spirited, vivacious, lively, vigorous, energetic
vocation : business, occupation, pursuit, profession, employment, calling
vogue  : fashion, style, mode
void  : useless, ineffectual, vain
volume : size, measure, magnitude, mass
voluntary : spontaneous, free, unforced
vow  : pledge, promise
voyage : cruise, sailing
vulgar  : coarse, mean, rude W
wage  : pay, salary, earnings
wake  : rouse, waken, arouse, awaken, stimulate, activate, provoke, animate, motivate
wakeful : watchful, vigilant, wary, observant, alert
wallow : flounder, roll
wander : ramble, rove, roam, stray, stroll, meander
ware  : good, merchandise
warp  : bend, deform, twist
wary  : alert, careful, cautious
waste  : squander, dissipate, lavish
watchful : vigilant, alert, observant, attentive, heedful, careful, circumspect, cautious, wary
wave  : undulate, fluctuate
weak  : fragile, frail, delicate, feeble
weaken : enfeeble, undermine, deplete, diminish, lessen, lower, reduce, impair, minimize
weakness : flaw, defect, fault
wealth  : abundance, profusion
wear-out : exhausted
wearisome : tiresome, boring, tedious, irksome, monotonous, prosaic, dull
weary  : exhausted, tired, wearied, fatigued
weave  : intertwine, twist, curl, meander, twine, spiral, coil
weigh  : consider, ponder, contemplate
wet  : drenched, dampened, moistened, moist, humid
whim  : caprice, whimsy
whip  : lash, beat, flog, thrash, beat
whirl  : spin, rotate, revolve, wheel
wholesale* :  extensive, indiscriminate
wholesome : healthful, healthy, salutary
wicked : evil, immoral, impious, profane, blasphemous, corrupt, vicious, vile
widespread : extensive, prevalent, sweeping
wild  : 1. untamed, undomesticated
   2. violent, furious, boisterous, tempestuous, frantic
wily  : shrewd, cunning, crafty
win  : obtain, gain, procure, secure, earn, acquire, attain
wise  : judicious, sensible, sagacious, rational, reasonable, sage
withdraw : retire, retreat, secede
wither  : fade, decay, decline, wilt, languish
withhold : reserve, retain, hold back
witness : 1. see, perceive, observe, watch, notice
   2. testimony, evidence
witty  : amusing, clever, comic
woe  : distress, affliction, sorrow, grief, anguish, agony
wonder : surprise, astonishment, amazement, awe, bewilderment
wonderful : marvelous, remarkable, awesome, startling, prodigious, astonishing, amazing,
   phenomenal
workmanship : handicraft, handiwork
worry  : trouble, torment, annoy, plague, pester, vex, tease, harry, harass, molest,
   irritate, disturb
worship : revere, respect, venerate, adore
worthy  : worthwhile, deserving
wound  : injure, hurt
wrap  : cover, envelop, muffle
wrath  : anger, ire, rage, resentment, indignation, fury
wreck  : destroy, devastate, ruin, shatter
wretched : miserable, pitiable, dejected, distressed, pitiful Y
yawn  : gape
yearn  : crave, desire, want
yearning : longing, craving, desire
yield  : 1. produce, bear
   2. surrender, submit, concede

 

Z
zeal  :  passion, enthusiasm, fervor, ardor, zealousness
zealous : ardent, enthusiastic, eager, earnest, fervent, passionate
zenith  : apex, peak, tip
zest  : gusto, heartiness, eagerness
zone  : area, area, region, district, section

ارسال در تاريخ سی ام آذر 1385 توسط مسعود هاشمی عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه مترجم
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